Most studies point to the extensive use of antibiotics in recent decades as the main force driving the development of such resistance. The problem is also being exacerbated by the spread of antibiotics-resistant bacteria and resistance genes.

Earlier studies have shown that birds function as hosts and vectors for a number of different bacteria and viruses that are pathogenic in humans. Antarctica is one of the few areas in the world with a limited human presence, making it a particularly suitable environment for studies of the role of birds as carriers and potential vectors of antibiotics resistance genes.

Principal investigator

Jonas Bonnedahl
Uppsala University
Kalmar County Hospital